Jon Dewitz 20260430 LF 2025 raster digital data Sioux Falls, SD Earth Resources Observation and Science Center (EROS), U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/P1MAAYLC https://www.landfire.gov Jennifer L. Long Timothy D. Hatten 2023 publication n/a US Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20233044 LANDFIRE's 2025 Update (LF 2025) Forest Canopy Height (CH) describes the average height of the top of the canopy for a stand. CH is used in the calculation of Forest Canopy Bulk Density (CBD) and Base Height (CBH). CH supplies information for fire behavior models, such as FARSITE (Finney 1998), that can determine the starting point of embers in the spotting model, wind reductions, and the volume of crown fuels. To create CH, LANDFIRE’s Existing Vegetation Height (EVH) product must be produced first. EVH is a continuous scaled product which assigns height to all life forms in the LF data. CH is then derived from EVH by assigning bins of 13 height classes for fuel production and use in fire behavior software. In LF 2025, fuel products are created with LF 2016 Remap vegetation in areas that were un-disturbed in the last twenty years. To designate disturbed areas where CH is modified, the aggregated Annual Disturbance products from 2016 to 2025 in the LF Fuel Disturbance (FDist) product are used. All existing disturbances between 2016-2025 are represented in LF 2025, and the products are intended to be used in 2026 (the year of release). When using any product from the LF 2025 fuel product suite, users should consider adjusting fuel layers for disturbances that occurred after the end of the 2025 fiscal year (after September 30, 2025). Disturbances that occurred after the end of the 2025 fiscal year are not accounted for within LF 2025 fuel products. The LANDFIRE 2025 Update (LF 2025, version 2.6.0) is the sixth update to the LF 2016 Remap base map (version 2.0.0) and will be releasing throughout calendar year 2026. LF 2025 products are designed to facilitate national and regional level strategic fire and resource management planning and reporting of management activities. The principal purposes of the products include providing: 1) national level landscape scale geospatial products to support fire and fuels management planning and 2) consistent fuels products to support fire planning, analysis, and budgeting to evaluate fire management alternatives. Products are created at a 30meter raster; however, the applicability of products varies by location and specific use. LF products were designed to support 1) national (all states) strategic planning, 2) regional (single large states or groups of smaller states), and 3) strategic/tactical planning for large sub regional landscapes and Fire Management Units (FMUs) (such as significant portions of states or multiple federal administrative entities). The applicability of LF products to support fire and land management planning on smaller areas will vary by product, location, and specific use. Managers and planners must evaluate LF products according to the scale and requirements specific to their needs. Ongoing since the LF 2020 update all CONUS products are created with a 90km buffer into both Canada and Mexico. The following LF 2025 products have 2026 capability functionality: EVH, EVC, CBD, CBH, CC, CH, FBFM13, FBFM40, FVC, FVH, FVT, CFFDRS, FDist, and FCCS. 2025 ground condition Complete Annually -127.9878 -65.2544 51.6497 22.7654 ISO 19115 Topic Category imageryBaseMapsEarthCover biota USGS Thesaurus fires hazard preparedness remote sensing image collections geospatial datasets geographic information systems None raster digital data Canopy Height CH U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) U.S. Forest Service (USFS) LANDFIRE 2025 LF 2025 Common geographic areas US CONUS United States Continental U.S. Conterminous United States None These data are marked with a Creative Common CC0 1.0 Universal License. These data are in the public domain and do not have any use constraints. LANDFIRE, Earth Resources Observation and Science Center (EROS), U.S. Geological Survey Customer Service Representative physical

47914 252nd Street

Sioux Falls SD 57198 U.S. 605-594-6151 helpdesk@landfire.gov These products were created by the LF team at USGS EROS, Sioux Falls, SD. Refer to the contact information throughout this metadata to contact the LF team. None in place Unclassified If there is ever doubt, contact the LF Help Desk at helpdesk@landfire.gov Microsoft Windows 11; ESRI ArcGIS Suite Rocky Mountain Research Station 1998 publication USFS USDA Finney 1998 https://doi.org/10.2737/RMRS-RP-4 https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/4617 Products were tested to ensure that each attribute is represented consistently across all data sets. Attributes were not validated against in person observations. The products were pixel "truth" tested for consistency of land or water characteristics across all products. Products were formally tested to ensure that valid data was produced for all pixels. Each product was then validated and tested for duplicates, omissions, and errors. US Forest Service (USFS) US Natural Resource Manager's (USNRM) 2009 remote-sensing image https://data.fs.usda.gov/geodata/edw/datasets.php https://data.fs.usda.gov/nrm/briefingpapers/FACTS.pdf Digital and/or Hardcopy 2009 2025 observed FACTS Landscape change in forested areas US Forest Service (USFS) US Department of the Interior (USDOI) 2000 application/service Previously National Fire Plans Operations Reporting System https://inform-fuels-nifc.hub.arcgis.com/pages/about Digital and/or Hardcopy 2000 2025 observed IFPRS National Fire Plan US Bureau of Land Management (USBLM) National Park Service (USNPS) US Forest Service (USFS) US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) Fire Administration and the National Association of State Foresters US Bureau of Indian Affairs (USBIA) 1965 application/service https://www.nifc.gov/ https://www.nifc.gov/fire-information/maps Digital and/or Hardcopy 1965 2025 observed NIFC Wildfire maps. US Forest Service (USFS) 2012 raster digital data https://www.fs.usda.gov/science-technology/data-tools-products/fhp-mapping-reporting/national-insect-disease-risk-and-hazard-mapping Digital and/or Hardcopy 2012 2023 observed NIDRM NIDRM Insect and Disease Detection Survey US Forest Service (USFS) 1928 application/service Check https://landfire.gov/reference for more information. https://research.fs.usda.gov/programs/fia Digital and/or Hardcopy Unknown observed FIA Read more about each version of LANDFIRE and its inputs at https://landfire.gov/ US Geologocial Survey (USGS) 1982 raster digital data Fact Sheet 2022-3084 Reston, VA USGS https://www.usgs.gov/landsat-missions/landsat-collection-2-level-3-dynamic-surface-water-extent-science-product https://www.usgs.gov/landsat-missions Digital and/or Hardcopy Unknown ground condition DSWE The Landsat Collection 2 (C2) Level-3 Dynamic Surface Water Extent (DSWE) product provides raster layers that represent surface water inundation per-pixel in Landsat data. US Department of Agriculture (USDA) 2025 application/service https://www.nass.usda.gov/ https://croplandcros.scinet.usda.gov/ Digital and/or Hardcopy Unknown ground condition NASS CDL Read more about each version of LANDFIRE and its inputs at https://landfire.gov/ US Geological Survey (USGS) 2005 raster digital data https://www.mtbs.gov/ https://burnseverity.cr.usgs.gov/ https://doi.org/10.5066/P97UMU6K Digital and/or Hardcopy 1984 2025 ground condition MTBS MTBS is an interagency program whose goal is to consistently map the burn severity and extent of large fires across all lands of the United States from 1984 to present. US Geological Survey (USGS) US Forest Service (USFS) 2001 application/service https://burnseverity.cr.usgs.gov/baer/ Digital and/or Hardcopy 2001 2025 ground condition BAER BARC BARC is a satellite-derived data layer of post-fire vegetation condition. The BARC has four classes, representing burn severity: high, moderate, low, and unburned. This product is used as an input to the soil burn severity map produced by the BAER teams. US Geological Survey (USGS) Gap Analysis Project (GAP) 2024 application/service https://doi.org/10.5066/P96WBCHS Digital and/or Hardcopy 2024 ground condition PAD The USGS Protected Areas Database of the United States (PAD-US) is the nation's inventory of protected areas, including public land and voluntarily provided private protected areas. US Geologocial Survey (USGS) 1996 raster digital data https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/fs20253001 https://www.mrlc.gov/data https://www.mrlc.gov/viewer/ https://doi.org/10.5066/P94UXNTS Digital and/or Hardcopy 2021 ground condition NLCD LANDFIRE always utilizes the latest products from NLCD, read more about each version of LANDFIRE and its inputs at https://landfire.gov/ Microsoft Maps 2022 application/service https://github.com/Microsoft/USBuildingFootprints Digital and/or Hardcopy 2022 ground condition Building Footprint Microsoft Maps released country wide open building footprints datasets in the United States. This dataset contained 129,591,852 computer generated building footprints. US Geological Survey (USGS) 1984 raster digital data https://www.usgs.gov/landsat-missions/landsat-collection-2-level-3-burned-area-science-product https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2020.111801 Digital and/or Hardcopy 1984 2025 ground condition BA The Landsat Collection 2 (C2) Level-3 Burned Area (BA) science product is designed to identify burned areas across all ecosystems (e.g., forests, shrublands, and grasslands) for Landsat 4-9 data, containing two acquisition-based raster layers that represent burn classification and burn probability. US Geological Survey (USGS) US Forest Service (USFS) 2007 remote-sensing image https://burnseverity.cr.usgs.gov/ravg/ Digital and/or Hardcopy Unknown ground condition RAVG The RAVG program provides assessments of vegetation conditions (burn severity) following large wildland fires on forested National Forest System (NFS) lands. Read more about each version of LANDFIRE and its inputs at https://landfire.gov/ US Department of Agriculture (USDA) US Forest Service (USFS) 2020 application/service https://wildfirerisk.org/download/ Digital and/or Hardcopy 2020 observed WRC Read more about each version of LANDFIRE and its inputs at https://landfire.gov/ Beginning with the new base map of LANDFIRE 2016 Remap (LF Remap), LF products were created using recent advances in image compositing, tiling algorithms, and faster computing hardware to ensure that LF products remained relevant. LF Remap leveraged the Landsat archive, lidar data, and user contributed field plot data compiled into the LF Reference Database (LFRDB), to create new vegetation products. Reference resources utilized in LF Remap and all updates since includes but is not limited to: Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program plot data, Landsat Dynamic Surface Water Extent (DSWE), the National Land Cover Database (NLCD), and National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS). FIA DSWE NLCD NASS CDL 20260430 For LF 2025 reference resources include but are not limited to: Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (MTBS), Burned Area Reflectance Classification (BARC) and Rapid Assessment of Vegetation Condition after Wildfire (RAVG). Then the Protected Areas Database of the United States (PAD) was used to remove agriculture on non-irrigated federal and state protected lands. A rasterized version of the Microsoft building footprint and Wildfire Risk to Communities (WRC) was used to update developed areas. Two main submitted sources were also used: the US Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and National Park Service (NPS). MTBS BAER BARC RAVG PAD Building Footprint WRC 20260430 Disturbances in LF 2025 were also identified with LF's Remote Sensing of Landscape Change (RSLC), which identifies spectral change in vegetation using automated algorithms and image analyst review of the entire country with Landsat imagery. Burned Area (BA) data from Landsat was also used and national events (polygons) were used to identify areas and types of disturbance. BA 20260430 To read more about LF reference resources go to https://landfire.gov/reference. Information about LF product testing is available by request or via the website at https://www.landfire.gov. 20260430 Raster Grid Cell 20729 24853 Albers Conical Equal Area 29.5 45.5 -96.0 23.0 0 0 row and column 30.0 30.0 meters North_American_Datum_1983 GRS 1980 6378137.0 298.2572221010042 CH LF 2025 CH attributes spreadsheet. LF 2025 VALUE Forest Canopy Height (CH) describes the average height of the top canopy for a stand. LF 2025 -9999 Fill-NoData LF 2025 0 510 METERSX10Display attribute, canopy height meters X 10 mid pointsLF 2025 -9999 Fill-NoData LF 2025 Non-Forested Non-forested LF 2025 Forest Height 018 to 050 meters X 10 018 to 050 meters X 10 LF 2025 Forest Height 050 to 090 meters X 10 050 to 090 meters X 10 LF 2025 Forest Height 090 to 130 meters X 10 090 to 130 meters X 10 LF 2025 Forest Height 130 to 170 meters x 10 130 to 170 meters x 10 LF 2025 Forest Height 170 to 210 meters X 10 170 to 210 meters X 10 LF 2025 Forest Height 210 to 250 meters X 10 210 to 250 meters X 10 LF 2025 Forest Height 250 to 290 meters X 10 250 to 290 meters X 10 LF 2025 Forest Height 290 to 330 meters X 10 290 to 330 meters X 10 LF 2025 Forest Height 330 to 370 meters X 10 330 to 370 meters X 10 LF 2025 Forest Height 370 to 410 meters X 10 370 to 410 meters X 10 LF 2025 Forest Height 410 to 450 meters X 10 410 to 450 meters X 10 LF 2025 Forest Height 450 to 490 meters X 10 450 to 490 meters X 10 LF 2025 Forest Height greater than 500 meters X 10 greater than 500 meters X 10 LF 2025 METERSHeight in meters.LF 2025 -9999 Fill-NoData LF 2025 Non-Forested Non-forested LF 2025 Forest Height 01.8 to 05 meters 1.8 to 5m LF 2025 Forest Height 05 to 09 meters 5 to 9m LF 2025 Forest Height 09 to 13 meters 9 to 13m LF 2025 Forest Height 13 to 17 meters 13 to 17m LF 2025 Forest Height 17 to 21 meters 17 to 21m LF 2025 Forest Height 21 to 25 meters 21 to 25m LF 2025 Forest Height 25 to 29 meters 25 to 29m LF 2025 Forest Height 29 to 33 meters 29 to 33m LF 2025 Forest Height 33 to 37 meters 33 to 37m LF 2025 Forest Height 37 to 41 meters 37 to 41m LF 2025 Forest Height 41 to 45 meters 41 to 45m LF 2025 Forest Height 45 to 49 meters 45 to 49m LF 2025 Forest Height greater than or equal to 50 meters Greater than or equal to 50m LF 2025 R Red color value/255 LF 2025 0 255 G Green color value/255 LF 2025 0 255 B Blue color value/255 LF 2025 0 255 RED Red color value. LF 2025 0.0 1.0 GREEN Green color value. LF 2025 0.0 1.0 BLUE Blue color value. LF 2025 0.0 1.0 LANDFIRE (LF) 2025 Forest Canopy Height (CH) CONUS. An Attribute Table is included with each product download as a .csv and embedded in the metadata. The Attribute Data Dictionary (ADD) can be found at https://www.landfire.gov/. https://landfire.gov/fuel/ch U.S. Geological Survey GS ScienceBase mailing address

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302

Denver CO 80225 United States 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov This product is reproduced from geospatial information prepared by the U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI) USGS EROS. By removing the contents of this package or taking receipt of these files via electronic file transfer methods, you understand that the data stored on this media can be updated at any time. Represented features may not be in an accurate geographic location. USGS EROS makes no expressed or implied warranty, including warranty of merchantability and fitness, with respect to the character, function, or capabilities of the data or their appropriateness for any user's purposes. USGS EROS reserves the right to correct, update, modify, or replace this geospatial information without notification. Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. ARCG 20260430 LF 2025 https://doi.org/10.5066/P1MAAYLC none 20260414 LANDFIRE, Earth Resources Observation and Science Center (EROS), U.S. Geological Survey Customer Service Representative physical

47914 252nd Street

Sioux Falls SD 57198 U.S. 605-594-6151 helpdesk@landfire.gov FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998 local time None Unclassified None